Divisi
When to plant Arabica coffee in Madagascar
Arabica is the cool-highland coffee — a small evergreen tree kept pruned to about your own height (1.5–2 m) so you can pick standing on the ground.
| Measure | Rain-fed | With irrigation |
|---|---|---|
| Fit | Favourable | |
| When to plant (establish) | 11 Oct 2026 – 30 Dec 2026 opens in 2 weeks | 22 Mar 2026 – 2 Mar 2027 |
| Expected harvest | 1.2–1.3 t/ha | about 1.9 t/ha |
| Bearing cycle | 210–270 days per crop once the plant is established. Planting to the first harvest takes longer than one cycle. | |
| Work it takes | 140–280 days per hectare, by hand | |
| Rain meets its needs | 90% | |
Rain-fed. These dates are worked out from each place's own rainfall, for a field watered by the season — with irrigation a window can open earlier, close later, or come round more than once a year. Check your own field under What grows, or get the Divisi app for a calendar dated to your farm.
If you only get one chance to plant, aim for around 30 Nov 2026. That is the point in the window where the rains are most reliably established.
This season's rainfall outlook for Madagascar leans dry, so these dates sit later than the long-run average. Planting on the date you are used to risks germinating into a false start and having to replant.
Planting after 30 Dec 2026 leaves the crop short of season: it runs into the dry months before it has finished filling.
What decides this in Madagascar
| Rain and temperature | 88% |
|---|---|
| The soil | 76% |
| The lie of the land | 45% |
For arabica coffee in Madagascar, the lie of the land is the tightest of the three at 45%. You cannot flatten it, but you can farm it: plant along the contour rather than up and down, ridge or tie ridges to hold water on the slope, and expect shallower rooting than the crop would manage on flat ground.
The 2025/26 season in Madagascar
| Rainy seasons | One each year — one chance to plant, so timing carries it |
|---|---|
| When the rains are expected | November 2025 to April 2026 |
| Rain in a typical year | About 766 mm in a typical farming district |
| Across its districts | From about 456 mm in the driest of 120 districts to about 3,008 mm in the wettest |
| This season's rain | Leaning dry — January, February and December look short of rain. Plant at the early end of the window, favour quicker and more drought-tolerant crops, and keep moisture in the soil: mulch, and weed early. |
| This season's heat | Hotter than usual — about +1.5 °C over the growing months. Heat makes the same rain do less, so a dry spell bites sooner: do not plant late, and shade or mulch what you can. |
| What that supports | enough rain for one short crop, and only if timed to it, warm all year, so nothing but rain ends the season |
| Ground this covers | 3 kinds of ground. The season below is one typical farming district's, not a figure for the whole of this area. |
| 46% | enough rain for one short crop, and only if timed to it; warm all year, so nothing but rain ends the season 162 growing days · about 1,060 mm · November to April |
|---|---|
| 24% | enough rain for one full main crop; warm all year, so nothing but rain ends the season 189 growing days · about 1,490 mm · October to April |
| 20% | enough rain for a long crop, or two in a year; warm all year, so nothing but rain ends the season 365 growing days · about 2,130 mm · January to December |
last updated 17 September 2026 · from all 120 areas within it
Frost and pest pressure hold back about 25% of yield here.
What arabica coffee needs to grow here
| Soil it likes | well-drained sandy loam, loam or clay loam soil |
|---|---|
| Soil sourness (pH) | Happiest between pH 5.0 and 6.0 |
| Spacing | 200 cm between rows, 200 cm between plants |
| Feed it most with | potassium, zinc and boron |
What it takes to grow arabica coffee in Madagascar
| Planting material | About 2,000 plants per hectare |
|---|---|
| Nitrogen (N) | About 48 kg per hectare |
| Phosphate (P₂O₅) | About 6 kg per hectare |
| Potash (K₂O) | About 64 kg per hectare |
| In the shops | A basal compound at planting — Compound D, or an NPK blend — covers the phosphate and potash. A nitrogen top dressing — urea or AN — goes on once the crop is established. |
| Hand work | 140–280 days per hectare, by hand |
These are the nutrients a arabica coffee crop of that size carries off the field. What you actually apply depends on what your soil already holds — which is what a soil test, or the app's field records, tell you.
What to watch for
Grow Arabica coffee with a plan, not a guess
Everything above describes Madagascar as a whole — your own soil, slope and rainfall will shift the dates. The Divisi app works them out for your field, and dates each job that follows.
Arabica coffee in nearby districts
This calendar moves
Planting windows shift with the forecast. Leave your email and we'll send what changed, and a note when planting time nears — a couple of emails a month at most.
Frequently asked questions
Will arabica coffee grow well in Madagascar?
Madagascar rates as favourable for arabica coffee.
When should I plant arabica coffee in Madagascar?
Typically 11 Oct 2026 to 30 Dec 2026, forecast-adjusted.
Is this exact for my own field?
No — these are readings taken across Madagascar, not on your field. Soil, slope and rainfall change from one farm to the next. Check your own location to see your own numbers.
